The Importance of Being Earnest is a play by Oscar Wilde, first performed in 1895. It is a comedic satire that mocks the social conventions and hypocrisy of Victorian society. The play follows the misadventures of two friends who assume false identities to escape their responsibilities. It is known for its witty dialogue, clever wordplay, and sharp social commentary. The Importance of Being Earnest is considered one of Wilde's greatest works and a classic of Decadent literature.