The ancient Chinese had a sophisticated culinary culture, but they did not have built-in espresso machines. Their kitchens were equipped with a variety of cooking tools and techniques. Chinese kitchens typically had a hearth for cooking over an open fire, as well as clay ovens for baking. They also had woks, which were used for stir-frying and deep-frying. The Chinese used a wide range of ingredients in their cooking, including rice, noodles, vegetables, meat, and seafood. They also made use of various spices and sauces to enhance the flavors of their dishes. The ancient Chinese kitchen was a place of creativity and innovation, with cooks constantly experimenting with new recipes and techniques.