The cover of 'The Catcher in the Rye' is a timeless image that captures the essence of teenage rebellion and alienation. It features a red hunting hat perched on top of a cityscape, symbolizing the protagonist Holden Caulfield's desire to protect the innocence and purity of childhood in a corrupt and adult world. The use of bold colors and striking composition reflects the raw emotions and existential angst explored in J.D. Salinger's influential novel.