Ludwig van Beethoven was a German composer and pianist. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest composers in the history of Western classical music. Beethoven's compositions include symphonies, concertos, chamber music, piano sonatas, and choral music. His music is known for its emotional depth and innovative use of musical form. Beethoven's most famous works include his Symphony No. 9, also known as the 'Choral Symphony,' and his piano sonatas, such as the 'Moonlight Sonata.'